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| Criterion |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Operations ALPEN Method |  Decision Making Decision Rights Mapping |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | With an overloaded day full of too many tasks, a realistic picture of the day emerges. The method connects estimating, deciding, and buffer thinking so planning fits available energy and time. | In organizations with many stakeholders, it often blurs who actually decides and who is merely consulted. It separates options, evaluation criteria, and open risks. The result is captured as a Decision Rights matrix and an agreement. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 2-6 h | 10-20 min daily | 90-180 min | 20–45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 1 | 4-12 | Small cross-functional group |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | Daily Plan, Time Estimates, Review Notes | Decision Rights Matrix, Agreement | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log |
Tagsno overlap | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | PlanningTime managementProductivityOperations | DecisionGovernanceAlignmentResponsibility | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning |