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| Criterion |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations ALPEN Method |  Operations Fault Tree Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | With an overloaded day full of too many tasks, a realistic picture of the day emerges. The method connects estimating, deciding, and buffer thinking so planning fits available energy and time. | For a critical top event with several possible triggers, the method logically models failure paths. It makes visible which combinations of conditions can lead to damage. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Low | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 2-6 h | 20-45 min | 10-20 min daily | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 3-12 | 1 | 3-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Daily Plan, Time Estimates, Review Notes | Fault Tree, Critical Paths, Cause Hypotheses, Control Actions |
Tagsno overlap | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | LearningOperationsImprovement | PlanningTime managementProductivityOperations | RiskRoot causeSafety |