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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Evaporating Cloud |  Operations ALPEN Method |  Decision Making Assumption Surfacing |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The method makes visible why two seemingly incompatible demands arise and which assumption must be tested to resolve the conflict. | With an overloaded day full of too many tasks, a realistic picture of the day emerges. The method connects estimating, deciding, and buffer thinking so planning fits available energy and time. | Plans often contain assumptions that were never openly stated and remain dangerous precisely because of that. Assumption Surfacing makes these silent premises visible and prioritizes which of them carry the initiative or could sink it. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 60-120 min | 10-20 min daily | 45-90 min | 20–45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 1 | 2-8 | Small cross-functional group |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Async | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Conflict Cloud, Assumption List, Breakthrough Ideas, Next Experiments | Daily Plan, Time Estimates, Review Notes | Assumption List, Critical Assumptions, Learning Plan | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log |
Tagsno overlap | Theory of ConstraintsAssumptionsSystems thinking | PlanningTime managementProductivityOperations | AssumptionsRiskDecisionDiscovery | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning |