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| Criterion |  Innovation Double Diamond |  Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology |  Decision Making Red Teaming |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For complex problems with a fuzzy situation, the method cleanly separates search space and decision. It first creates breadth in understanding and then focus in elaboration. This brings open questions, problem definition, and solution path into a traceable movement. | Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action. | For strategic decisions with high reach, agreement and gut feeling are often not enough. Red teaming brings deliberate opposition into the situation and tests where a plan breaks under real counterarguments. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | High | Low |
Timedifferent | Wochen bis Monate | 0.5-3 Tage | 1-4 h | 20–45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 5-15 | 3-8 | Small cross-functional group |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Problem Statement, Solution Options, Prototypes, Deliverables per Phase | Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda | Challenge Findings, Risk Register, Mitigation Plan | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessDivergenceInnovation | Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking | RiskDecisionSensemaking | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning |