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| Criterion |  Decision Making Delphi Method |  Operations Process Mapping |  Operations 5 Whys |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When knowledge is distributed and direct dominance should be avoided, groups quickly fall under the sway of their opinion leaders. The Delphi Method gathers assessments iteratively and gradually brings expert judgments closer together. | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-4 Wochen | 1-3 h | 15-30 min | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 6-30 Experten | 3-10 | 2-6 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Expert Forecast, Consensus Range, Assumption Notes | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Root cause notes, Countermeasures | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | ForecastingExpertsDecisionStrategy | ProcessOperationsImprovement | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving | LeanObservationProcessOperations |