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| Criterion |  UX Research Contextual Inquiry |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Systems Thinking Behavior Over Time Graph |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When work processes are known only from accounts and the real context stays hidden, Contextual Inquiry makes behavior at the workplace visible. Observation and follow-up questions together show how people actually work, get interrupted, and improvise. | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | A Behavior Over Time Graph shows how a metric or observation develops over time. The method makes trends, breaks, and recurring patterns visible that get lost in snapshots. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 Wochen | 30-60 min | 2-6 h | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 4-12 Beobachtungen | 2-10 | 3-10 | 1-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Field Notes, Workflow Insights, Pain Points | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | Behavior Over Time Graph, Trend Hypotheses, Key Events |
Tagsno overlap | UX researchObservationContext | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | Systems thinkingPatternsDynamics |