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Selected:Concept Mapping ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Root Cause Tree Analysis Root Cause Analysis

Criterion	Knowledge Modeling Concept Mapping	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Operations Root Cause Tree Analysis	Operations Root Cause Analysis
Purposedifferent	Concept Mapping arranges terms and relationships in a network that makes subject-matter connections tangible. It fits when a topic needs to be understood structurally rather than linearly.	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	For a problem with several suspected causes, the method builds a causal structure instead of a mere list. It makes visible how causes connect and where the strongest points of leverage lie.	When a problem keeps recurring and the cause stays unclear, the method exposes the underlying mechanism. It separates symptom, guess, and robust explanation from one another.
Complexitysame	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Timedifferent	1-2 h	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	1-3 h	1-4 h
Participantsdifferent	1-8	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	2-8	3-8
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop + async
Outputdifferent	Concept Map, Relationship Labels, Knowledge Gaps	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Cause Tree, Evidence Notes, Countermeasures	Problem Statement, Cause Hypotheses, Confirmed Causes, Action Plan
Tagsno overlap	KnowledgeConceptsMappingSensemaking	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	Root causeTreeIncidentQuality	Root causeProblem solvingQualityIncident

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