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| Criterion |  Knowledge Modeling Competency Questions |  Knowledge Modeling Ontology Design Patterns |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Competency Questions translate a domain model into concrete questions that it must be able to answer. The method keeps the model's scope clean and prevents pretty but useless structures. | Ontology Design Patterns provide reusable building blocks for recurring modeling problems. The method brings structure to the search for clean concepts, relationships, and roles. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 2-4 h | 1-3 h pro Pattern | 30-120 min | 45-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 1-6 | 2-6 | 2-5 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Competency Question Set, Required Concepts, Test Queries, Coverage Matrix | Selected Patterns, Adapted Schema Fragments, Pattern Documentation | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis |
Tagsno overlap | OntologyKnowledge graphScopeRequirementsSemantic | OntologyPatternsReuseSemanticModeling | LeanObservationProcessOperations | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations |