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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking CATWOE Analysis |  Agile Sprint Retrospective |  Operations After-Action Review |  Agile 4Ls Retrospective |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | CATWOE structures a problem from six viewpoints and prevents too narrow a view of the situation. Different experiences of the system become comparably discussable this way. | When a sprint is over and friction shouldn't simply be carried forward, it opens the view onto collaboration and patterns. It creates space to see causes and changes together. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | When a sprint should not only be assessed but also learned from, it captures experience in clear learning categories. It records what worked, what's missing, and what should run differently next time. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | Up to 3 hours for a one-month Sprint; shorter Sprints are usually shorter | 20-45 min | 45–75 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-8 | Scrum Team | 3-12 | Team members involved |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | CATWOE Canvas, Root Definition, Stakeholder Perspectives, Constraints | Improvement actions, Team agreements | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | 4Ls Board, Learning Themes, Improvement Actions |
Tagsno overlap | Systems thinkingFramingStakeholders | RetrospectiveImprovementLearning | LearningOperationsImprovement | RetrospectiveLearningReflectionTeam |