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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking CATWOE Analysis |  Operations Process Mapping |  Agile 4Ls Retrospective |  Operations After-Action Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | CATWOE structures a problem from six viewpoints and prevents too narrow a view of the situation. Different experiences of the system become comparably discussable this way. | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | When a sprint should not only be assessed but also learned from, it captures experience in clear learning categories. It records what worked, what's missing, and what should run differently next time. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | 1-3 h | 45–75 min | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-8 | 3-10 | Team members involved | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | CATWOE Canvas, Root Definition, Stakeholder Perspectives, Constraints | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | 4Ls Board, Learning Themes, Improvement Actions | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary |
Tagsno overlap | Systems thinkingFramingStakeholders | ProcessOperationsImprovement | RetrospectiveLearningReflectionTeam | LearningOperationsImprovement |