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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking CATWOE Analysis |  Operations After-Action Review |  Agile 4Ls Retrospective |  Operations Learning Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | CATWOE structures a problem from six viewpoints and prevents too narrow a view of the situation. Different experiences of the system become comparably discussable this way. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | When a sprint should not only be assessed but also learned from, it captures experience in clear learning categories. It records what worked, what's missing, and what should run differently next time. | After a project phase with mixed results, the method makes learning from the individual case reusable. It connects events, decisions, and systemic conditions into robust insights. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | 20-45 min | 45–75 min | 1-3 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-8 | 3-12 | Team members involved | 3-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | CATWOE Canvas, Root Definition, Stakeholder Perspectives, Constraints | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | 4Ls Board, Learning Themes, Improvement Actions | Learning Review Notes, System Factors, Improvement Actions |
Tagsno overlap | Systems thinkingFramingStakeholders | LearningOperationsImprovement | RetrospectiveLearningReflectionTeam | LearningRetrospectiveIncidentOperations |