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| Criterion |  UX Research Card Sorting |  UX Research Empathy Mapping |  Facilitation Consensus Workshop |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When content only makes sense internally and users can't find the structure again, card sorting exposes their mental order. Terms, groups, and naming are then aligned with the target group's expectations. | When a lot is assumed about a target group but little is seen jointly, empathy mapping makes knowledge and gaps directly comparable. The picture also shows which assumptions hold up and where evidence is missing. | When a group needs a solid decision without outvoting individual factions, a Consensus Workshop creates a negotiable common ground. It makes agreement, reservations, and open tensions discussable at the same time. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 30–60 min | 1-3 h |
Participantsdifferent | Based on research question | 4-8 | 5-30 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Content groups, Label set, IA hypotheses | Empathy Map, Assumptions List, Research Gaps | Consensus Clusters, Theme Titles, Priority Areas |
Tagsno overlap | Information architectureNavigationStructure | SynthesisQualitativeWorkshop | FacilitationConsensusWorkshopAlignment |
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