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| Criterion |  DevOps Blameless Postmortem |  Systems Thinking Behavior Over Time Graph |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |  Operations 5 Whys |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | After an incident with damage or a near miss, the method creates a sober field for learning without assigning blame. It directs attention to the course of events, conditions, and effective countermeasures. | A Behavior Over Time Graph shows how a metric or observation develops over time. The method makes trends, breaks, and recurring patterns visible that get lost in snapshots. | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 30-90 min | 20-45 min | 30-60 min | 15-30 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 1-10 | 2-10 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Postmortem Doc, Action Items, Timeline | Behavior Over Time Graph, Trend Hypotheses, Key Events | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas | Root cause notes, Countermeasures |
Tagsno overlap | Site Reliability EngineeringIncidentLearningReliability | Systems thinkingPatternsDynamics | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving |