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| Criterion |  Operations Barrier Analysis |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Operations Fault Tree Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a risk that can only be managed through multiple layers of protection, the method examines the effectiveness of each barrier. It shows where safeguards are missing, too weak, or fail under real conditions. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | For a critical top event with several possible triggers, the method logically models failure paths. It makes visible which combinations of conditions can lead to damage. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 2-4 h | 2-6 h | 30-120 min | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 2-6 | 3-10 | 2-6 | 3-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Barrier Inventory, Failure Analysis per Barrier, Action Backlog | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | Fault Tree, Critical Paths, Cause Hypotheses, Control Actions |
Tagsno overlap | Root causeSafetyIncident | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | LeanObservationProcessOperations | RiskRoot causeSafety |