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| Criterion |  Decision Making Assumption Surfacing |  Systems Thinking Evaporating Cloud |  Product Discovery Test Card |  Product Discovery Experiment Canvas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Plans often contain assumptions that were never openly stated and remain dangerous precisely because of that. Assumption Surfacing makes these silent premises visible and prioritizes which of them carry the initiative or could sink it. | The method makes visible why two seemingly incompatible demands arise and which assumption must be tested to resolve the conflict. | The Test Card turns a critical assumption into a testable claim and specifies in advance which result counts as success. | When experiments become unreadable after the fact, it arranges hypothesis, signal, and learning goal on a single canvas. It separates problem, assumption, solution, and evidence. The result is captured as a Completed Experiment Canvas and a Success Metric. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | 60-120 min | 20-35 min | 30-60 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 2-8 | 1-5 | 1-5 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Assumption List, Critical Assumptions, Learning Plan | Conflict Cloud, Assumption List, Breakthrough Ideas, Next Experiments | Test Card with a pre-set threshold | Completed Experiment Canvas, Success Metric |
Tagsno overlap | AssumptionsRiskDecisionDiscovery | Theory of ConstraintsAssumptionsSystems thinking | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis |