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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Standard Work Analysis 5 Whys Root Cause Analysis

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Operations Standard Work Analysis	Operations 5 Whys	Operations Root Cause Analysis
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	When the same task is done differently depending on the person, the method exposes the reliable core. It creates comparability without unnecessarily choking off needed latitude.	For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description.	When a problem keeps recurring and the cause stays unclear, the method exposes the underlying mechanism. It separates symptom, guess, and robust explanation from one another.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	Medium	Low	Medium
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	1-3 h	15-30 min	1-4 h
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	2-6	2-6	3-8
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop	Workshop + async
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Standard Work Sheet, Deviation List, Improved Standard, Training Needs	Root cause notes, Countermeasures	Problem Statement, Cause Hypotheses, Confirmed Causes, Action Plan
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	LeanProcessQuality	Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving	Root causeProblem solvingQualityIncident

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