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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Process Mapping Kepner-Tregoe After-Action Review

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Operations Process Mapping	Operations Kepner-Tregoe	Operations After-Action Review
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots.	For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations.	After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	Medium	High	Low
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	1-3 h	2-8 h	20-45 min
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	3-10	2-8	3-12
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop + async	Workshop + async
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog	Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan	Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	ProcessOperationsImprovement	Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations	LearningOperationsImprovement

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