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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Kepner-Tregoe Argument Mapping A3 Problem Solving

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Operations Kepner-Tregoe	Decision Making Argument Mapping	Operations A3 Problem Solving
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations.	When statements, evidence, and counterarguments get mixed up, a debate quickly loses its structure. Argument Mapping breaks a thesis down into its reasoning and makes visible what it really rests on.	For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	High	Medium	Medium
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	2-8 h	1-3 h	45-90 min
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	2-8	1-8	2-5
Formatsame	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop + async
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan	Argument Map, Evidence Gaps, Decision Rationale	A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations	SensemakingDecisionRationale	LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations

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