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Criterion
Design sheets and interface cards connect to jointly written pseudocode with highlighted unresolved questions.
Architecture
ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)
Iceberg Model method illustration showing its working structure
Systems Thinking
Iceberg Model
Paper illustration for Root Cause Analysis.
Operations
Root Cause Analysis
Paper illustration of Family Tree Analysis with its method-specific working model.
Operations
Family Tree Analysis
Purposedifferent
ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring.When a problem keeps recurring and the cause stays unclear, the method exposes the underlying mechanism. It separates symptom, guess, and robust explanation from one another.For a series of incidents with a similar pattern, the method arranges individual events as branches of a common origin. It makes visible which conditions keep recurring.
Complexitydifferent
MediumLowMediumMedium
Timedifferent
2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional30-60 min1-4 h2-4 h
Participantsdifferent
Designers, developers as users, and facilitation2-103-82-6
Formatsame
Workshop + asyncWorkshop + asyncWorkshop + asyncWorkshop + async
Outputdifferent
Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisionsIceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention IdeasProblem Statement, Cause Hypotheses, Confirmed Causes, Action PlanFamily Tree Diagram, Pattern Notes, Systemic Measures
Tagsno overlap
ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks
Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns
Root causeProblem solvingQualityIncident
Root causePatternsIncidentSystemic
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