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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Iceberg Model Family Tree Analysis Barrier Analysis

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Systems Thinking Iceberg Model	Operations Family Tree Analysis	Operations Barrier Analysis
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring.	For a series of incidents with a similar pattern, the method arranges individual events as branches of a common origin. It makes visible which conditions keep recurring.	For a risk that can only be managed through multiple layers of protection, the method examines the effectiveness of each barrier. It shows where safeguards are missing, too weak, or fail under real conditions.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	Low	Medium	Medium
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	30-60 min	2-4 h	2-4 h
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	2-10	2-6	2-6
Formatsame	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop + async
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas	Family Tree Diagram, Pattern Notes, Systemic Measures	Barrier Inventory, Failure Analysis per Barrier, Action Backlog
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns	Root causePatternsIncidentSystemic	Root causeSafetyIncident

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