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Criterion
Design sheets and interface cards connect to jointly written pseudocode with highlighted unresolved questions.
Architecture
ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)
Paper illustration of an IBIS map with issues, positions and arguments
Knowledge Modeling
IBIS
Paper illustration for DACI
Decision Making
DACI
Paper illustration for RAPID
Decision Making
RAPID
Purposedifferent
ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus.In cross-functional decisions, responsibilities quickly blur between approval, influence, and execution. DACI arranges these roles so decision pressure, contribution, and information stay cleanly separated.In complex management decisions, clarity is often missing about who recommends, who agrees, and who makes the decision. RAPID creates this assignment and stabilizes decisions across several levels.
Complexitydifferent
MediumMediumLowMedium
Timedifferent
2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional1-3 h30-60 min45-90 min
Participantsdifferent
Designers, developers as users, and facilitation2-82-103-12
Formatsame
Workshop + asyncWorkshop + asyncWorkshop + asyncWorkshop + async
Outputdifferent
Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisionsIssue Map, Positions, Argument NotesDACI Matrix, Decision Owner, Decision LogRAPID Role Map, Recommendation, Decision Log
Tagsno overlap
ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks
RationaleKnowledgeDecision
DecisionRolesGovernanceAlignment
DecisionRolesGovernance
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