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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Fault Isolation Expectation Mapping Alignment Mapping

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Engineering Fault Isolation	Facilitation Expectation Mapping	Facilitation Alignment Mapping
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	In technical failures, the visible symptom often gets mixed up with the actual cause. Fault Isolation narrows the fault space and progressively reduces which part of the system is truly affected.	When roles, interfaces, or projects fail because of differing expectations, Expectation Mapping surfaces these differences. It shows what each side takes for granted and where the pictures diverge.	When several people work toward one goal but hold different mental maps, Alignment Mapping makes the discrepancies visible. It arranges goals, assumptions, and priorities so shared direction becomes verifiable.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	Medium	Low	Medium
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	30-180 min	45-90 min	1-2 h
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	1-6	3-12	4-12
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Fault Isolation Map, Test Log, Excluded Hypotheses, Narrowed Fault Area	Expectation Map, Alignment Notes, Agreements	Alignment Map, Open Issues, Decision Questions
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	TroubleshootingDiagnosisEngineering	AlignmentStakeholdersTeam	AlignmentStakeholdersStrategyFacilitation

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