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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Evaporating Cloud Current Reality Tree Causal Factor Analysis

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Systems Thinking Evaporating Cloud	Systems Thinking Current Reality Tree	Operations Causal Factor Analysis
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	The method makes visible why two seemingly incompatible demands arise and which assumption must be tested to resolve the conflict.	A Current Reality Tree condenses many symptoms into a few causal chains. The method makes visible which core problems drive several negative effects at once.	For an event with a complicated course, the method breaks down the contributing factors along the timeline. It shows how conditions, decisions, and reactions together produce a course of events.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	Medium	High	High
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	60-120 min	2-6 h	2-6 h
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	2-8	3-8	3-10
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop	Workshop + async
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Conflict Cloud, Assumption List, Breakthrough Ideas, Next Experiments	Current Reality Tree, Core Problems, Intervention Ideas	Event Timeline, Causal Factor Chart, Cause List, Corrective Actions
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	Theory of ConstraintsAssumptionsSystems thinking	Systems thinkingRoot causeConstraintsCausality	CausalityIncidentRoot causeTimeline

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