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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Change Analysis Root Cause Tree Analysis 5 Whys

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Operations Change Analysis	Operations Root Cause Tree Analysis	Operations 5 Whys
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	For a deviation after a change, the method isolates the influence of the altered condition. It narrows down which differences are relevant and which are just accompanying noise.	For a problem with several suspected causes, the method builds a causal structure instead of a mere list. It makes visible how causes connect and where the strongest points of leverage lie.	For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	Medium	Medium	Low
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	45-120 min	1-3 h	15-30 min
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	2-6	2-8	2-6
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Change Matrix, Cause Hypotheses, Validation Questions, Action List	Cause Tree, Evidence Notes, Countermeasures	Root cause notes, Countermeasures
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	ChangeRoot causeTroubleshootingComparison	Root causeTreeIncidentQuality	Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving

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