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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Causal Factor AnalysisA3 Problem SolvingRoot Cause Analysis
| Criterion |  Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs) |  Operations Causal Factor Analysis |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  Operations Root Cause Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification. | For an event with a complicated course, the method breaks down the contributing factors along the timeline. It shows how conditions, decisions, and reactions together produce a course of events. | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | When a problem keeps recurring and the cause stays unclear, the method exposes the underlying mechanism. It separates symptom, guess, and robust explanation from one another. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | Medium | Medium |
Timedifferent | 2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional | 2-6 h | 45-90 min | 1-4 h |
Participantsdifferent | Designers, developers as users, and facilitation | 3-10 | 2-5 | 3-8 |
Formatsame | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions | Event Timeline, Causal Factor Chart, Cause List, Corrective Actions | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Problem Statement, Cause Hypotheses, Confirmed Causes, Action Plan |
Tagsno overlap | ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks | CausalityIncidentRoot causeTimeline | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | Root causeProblem solvingQualityIncident |