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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)A3 Problem SolvingEmpathy MappingDecision Jam
| Criterion |  Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs) |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  UX Research Empathy Mapping |  Facilitation Decision Jam |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification. | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | When a lot is assumed about a target group but little is seen jointly, empathy mapping makes knowledge and gaps directly comparable. The picture also shows which assumptions hold up and where evidence is missing. | When a decision is stuck, Decision Jam loosens the knot through structured separation of problem, idea, and selection. The format creates movement without jumping prematurely at the first seemingly elegant answer. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional | 45-90 min | 30–60 min | 60-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | Designers, developers as users, and facilitation | 2-5 | 4-8 | 4-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Empathy Map, Assumptions List, Research Gaps | Problem Cluster, Prioritized Challenge, Experiment |
Tagsno overlap | ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | SynthesisQualitativeWorkshop | FacilitationDecisionProblem solvingWorkshop |