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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)A3 Problem SolvingContradiction AnalysisGemba Walk
| Criterion |  Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs) |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  Innovation Contradiction Analysis |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification. | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | When a system should improve while another measure suffers as a result, the method makes the underlying conflict precisely formulable. It separates the desired effect from its side effect. This makes solutions possible that address the contradiction deliberately instead of half-heartedly. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional | 45-90 min | 60-120 min | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | Designers, developers as users, and facilitation | 2-5 | 2-8 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Contradiction Statement, Abstraction Notes, Solution Principles, Concept Ideas | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | ContradictionsInnovationProblem solving | LeanObservationProcessOperations |