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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)A3 Problem SolvingCausal Factor AnalysisKepner-Tregoe
| Criterion |  Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs) |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  Operations Causal Factor Analysis |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification. | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | For an event with a complicated course, the method breaks down the contributing factors along the timeline. It shows how conditions, decisions, and reactions together produce a course of events. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | High | High |
Timedifferent | 2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional | 45-90 min | 2-6 h | 2-8 h |
Participantsdifferent | Designers, developers as users, and facilitation | 2-5 | 3-10 | 2-8 |
Formatsame | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Event Timeline, Causal Factor Chart, Cause List, Corrective Actions | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan |
Tagsno overlap | ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | CausalityIncidentRoot causeTimeline | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations |