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| Criterion |  Decision Making Argument Mapping |  Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When statements, evidence, and counterarguments get mixed up, a debate quickly loses its structure. Argument Mapping breaks a thesis down into its reasoning and makes visible what it really rests on. | Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 0.5-3 Tage | 20-45 min | 2-8 h |
Participantsdifferent | 1-8 | 5-15 | 3-12 | 2-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Argument Map, Evidence Gaps, Decision Rationale | Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan |
Tagsno overlap | SensemakingDecisionRationale | Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking | LearningOperationsImprovement | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations |