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| Criterion |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations Process Mapping |  Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology |  Systems Thinking Rich Picture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action. | A Rich Picture brings an unclear situation onto a shared drawing. It captures actors, tensions, information flows, and blind spots before the team jumps to solutions too early. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 1-3 h | 0.5-3 Tage | 30-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 3-10 | 5-15 | 2-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda | Rich Picture, Problem Framing Notes |
Tagsno overlap | LearningOperationsImprovement | ProcessOperationsImprovement | Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking | Systems thinkingSoft systemsFramingVisualization |