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| Criterion |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations Process Mapping |  DevOps Game Day |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | In preparing for rare incidents, the method tests response capability under controlled conditions. It shows where assumptions about stability, roles, and recovery are too optimistic. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 1-3 h | Halber Tag | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 3-10 | 5-20 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Simulation Notes, Gaps List, Updated Runbooks | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tags1 shared | LearningOperationsImprovement | ProcessOperationsImprovement | ResilienceOperationsIncident | LeanObservationProcessOperations |