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| Criterion |  Operations After-Action Review |  Systems Thinking Leverage Points |  Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology |  Decision Making Force Field Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | Leverage Points show exactly where interventions in a system produce a disproportionate effect. It draws relationships, patterns, and feedback loops. The result is captured as a leverage map and action strategy. | Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action. | In change initiatives, supporting and restraining forces sit at the table at the same time. Force Field Analysis makes these tensions explicit and shows where change can be pushed forward by strengthening or relieving. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | High | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | Half day | 0.5-3 Tage | 45-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 3-12 | 5-15 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Leverage Map, Action Strategy | Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda | Force Field Map, Change Levers, Risk Notes |
Tagsno overlap | LearningOperationsImprovement | Systems thinkingChangeStrategy | Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking | ChangeDecisionStrategy |