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| Criterion |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations Gemba Walk |  DevOps Blameless Postmortem |  Operations Learning Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | After an incident with damage or a near miss, the method creates a sober field for learning without assigning blame. It directs attention to the course of events, conditions, and effective countermeasures. | After a project phase with mixed results, the method makes learning from the individual case reusable. It connects events, decisions, and systemic conditions into robust insights. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Medium | Medium |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 30-120 min | 30-90 min | 1-3 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 2-6 | 3-12 | 3-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | Postmortem Doc, Action Items, Timeline | Learning Review Notes, System Factors, Improvement Actions |
Tagsno overlap | LearningOperationsImprovement | LeanObservationProcessOperations | Site Reliability EngineeringIncidentLearningReliability | LearningRetrospectiveIncidentOperations |