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| Criterion |  Operations After-Action Review |  DevOps Blameless Postmortem |  Product Discovery Test Card |  Product Discovery Learning Card |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | After an incident with damage or a near miss, the method creates a sober field for learning without assigning blame. It directs attention to the course of events, conditions, and effective countermeasures. | The Test Card turns a critical assumption into a testable claim and specifies in advance which result counts as success. | The Learning Card connects traceable test results to a reasoned next action while keeping the limits of the insight visible. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 30-90 min | 20-35 min | 25-40 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 3-12 | 1-5 | 1-5 |
Formatsame | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Postmortem Doc, Action Items, Timeline | Test Card with a pre-set threshold | Learning Card with evidence and next action |
Tagsno overlap | LearningOperationsImprovement | Site Reliability EngineeringIncidentLearningReliability | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryLearning |