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| Criterion |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  Operations Process Mapping |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | 1-3 h | 2-8 h | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-5 | 3-10 | 2-8 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tags1 shared | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | ProcessOperationsImprovement | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations | LeanObservationProcessOperations |