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| Criterion |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  Systems Thinking Future Reality Tree |  DevOps Blameless Postmortem |  Operations After-Action Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | A Future Reality Tree shows how desired actions are meant to lead to a better system state. The method checks whether a path of change holds together logically before time flows into implementation. | After an incident with damage or a near miss, the method creates a sober field for learning without assigning blame. It directs attention to the course of events, conditions, and effective countermeasures. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | 2-4 h | 30-90 min | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-5 | 3-8 | 3-12 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Future Reality Tree, Negative Branches, Assumption List, Improved Injections | Postmortem Doc, Action Items, Timeline | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary |
Tagsno overlap | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | Theory of ConstraintsSystems thinkingChange | Site Reliability EngineeringIncidentLearningReliability | LearningOperationsImprovement |