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| Criterion |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  Decision Making Force Field Analysis |  Systems Thinking Future Reality Tree |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | In change initiatives, supporting and restraining forces sit at the table at the same time. Force Field Analysis makes these tensions explicit and shows where change can be pushed forward by strengthening or relieving. | A Future Reality Tree shows how desired actions are meant to lead to a better system state. The method checks whether a path of change holds together logically before time flows into implementation. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | High | High |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | 45-90 min | 2-4 h | 2-8 h |
Participantsdifferent | 2-5 | 3-12 | 3-8 | 2-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Force Field Map, Change Levers, Risk Notes | Future Reality Tree, Negative Branches, Assumption List, Improved Injections | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan |
Tagsno overlap | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | ChangeDecisionStrategy | Theory of ConstraintsSystems thinkingChange | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations |