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| Criterion |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  Operations After-Action Review |  Innovation Contradiction Analysis |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | When a system should improve while another measure suffers as a result, the method makes the underlying conflict precisely formulable. It separates the desired effect from its side effect. This makes solutions possible that address the contradiction deliberately instead of half-heartedly. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | 20-45 min | 60-120 min | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-5 | 3-12 | 2-8 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Contradiction Statement, Abstraction Notes, Solution Principles, Concept Ideas | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | LearningOperationsImprovement | ContradictionsInnovationProblem solving | LeanObservationProcessOperations |