methodatlas
Method guideBusiness Strategy

Three Horizons

A practical method guide: clarify prerequisites and materials, understand the complete process, and look up outputs, pitfalls, and stop criteria.

ComplexityMedium
TimeHalbtags-Workshop, dann iterativ
Participants3-12
FormatWorkshop
MaturityEstablished
Plan Three Horizons
01

Prerequisite

What needs to be finished first

Complete firstBounded subject

The scope and purpose of Three Horizons are stated as a concrete question.

Without scope, three horizons portfolio becomes arbitrary.
Complete firstAccess to relevant perspectives

Strategy and financial goals, initiative portfolio, evidence, maturity, and resources and domain decision makers are available.

Without these perspectives, central claims in three horizons portfolio remain unsupported.
02

Preparation

What needs to be ready before start

Materials

Strategy and financial goals, initiative portfolio, evidence, maturity, and resources, shared workspace, source links, and decision log.

People / roles

Executive sponsor · Strategy · Finance · portfolio/business owners

Pre-read

Collect Strategy and financial goals, initiative portfolio, evidence, maturity, and resources in advance and mark open assumptions.

Time needed

2–3 hours; quarterly review

Setup

Prepare portfolio across H1 core, H2 emerging businesses, and H3 options visibly and calibrate assessment terms before starting.

03

Core question

The one question this method answers

How do we allocate attention and resources across current performance, emerging growth, and future options?

04

Flow

Phases with goal, actions, output and pitfall

Horizon 1 strengthens today's business, Horizon 2 scales emerging businesses, and Horizon 3 explores options. Horizons are maturity and uncertainty logics, not rigid year boxes.

three horizons portfolio

Fictional worked example

portfolio across H1 core, H2 emerging businesses, and H3 options as a precise working structure with a fictional example.

Initiative/maturity

Initiative/maturity information to record

AI Review Assistant, frühe Option.

Horizon/rationale

Horizon/rationale information to record

H3 wegen hoher Technik- und Value-Unsicherheit.

Metric/learning goal

Metric/learning goal information to record

Sichere Zitation in fünf Workflows.

Resource/transition

Resource/transition information to record

40 T€ Optionsbudget; H2-Gate definiert.

The example demonstrates the domain logic of Three Horizons; worksheets remain blank.

McKinsey: Enduring Ideas, The three horizons of growth

  1. 1

    Map portfolio

    Map portfolio

    Goal

    Produce portfolio inventory so the core question “How do we allocate attention and resources across current performance, emerging growth, and future options?” can be answered with stronger support.

    Inputs for this step

    • Strategy and financial goals
    • initiative portfolio
    • evidence, maturity, and resources

    Actions

    • Capture initiatives with purpose, maturity, and uncertainty.
    • Record source, rationale, and open uncertainty directly in portfolio inventory.

    Output

    portfolio inventory

    portfolio inventory · source · uncertainty · next decision

    Quality check

    Is every initiative described for decision?

    Pitfall

    Initiatives are sorted only by years and H3 receives the same revenue measures as H1. Classify by maturity and uncertainty and set horizon-specific metrics and transition criteria.

    Timing: 10–20 minutes

  2. 2

    Assign horizons

    Assign horizons

    Goal

    Produce horizon map so the core question “How do we allocate attention and resources across current performance, emerging growth, and future options?” can be answered with stronger support.

    Inputs for this step

    • portfolio inventory
    • initiative portfolio
    • evidence, maturity, and resources

    Actions

    • Assign H1, H2, or H3 by business logic.
    • Record source, rationale, and open uncertainty directly in horizon map.

    Output

    horizon map

    horizon map · source · uncertainty · next decision

    Quality check

    Is classification more than time horizon?

    Pitfall

    Initiatives are sorted only by years and H3 receives the same revenue measures as H1. Classify by maturity and uncertainty and set horizon-specific metrics and transition criteria.

    Timing: 10–20 minutes

  3. 3

    Set metrics

    Set metrics

    Goal

    Produce metric contract so the core question “How do we allocate attention and resources across current performance, emerging growth, and future options?” can be answered with stronger support.

    Inputs for this step

    • horizon map
    • initiative portfolio
    • evidence, maturity, and resources

    Actions

    • Set appropriate performance, scaling, or learning metrics per horizon.
    • Record source, rationale, and open uncertainty directly in metric contract.

    Output

    metric contract

    metric contract · source · uncertainty · next decision

    Quality check

    Does the metric fit uncertainty?

    Pitfall

    Initiatives are sorted only by years and H3 receives the same revenue measures as H1. Classify by maturity and uncertainty and set horizon-specific metrics and transition criteria.

    Timing: 10–20 minutes

  4. 4

    Allocate

    Allocate

    Goal

    Produce portfolio decision so the core question “How do we allocate attention and resources across current performance, emerging growth, and future options?” can be answered with stronger support.

    Inputs for this step

    • metric contract
    • initiative portfolio
    • evidence, maturity, and resources

    Actions

    • Decide budget, talent, and transition criteria.
    • Record source, rationale, and open uncertainty directly in portfolio decision.

    Output

    portfolio decision

    portfolio decision · source · uncertainty · next decision

    Quality check

    Are trade-offs and exit rules explicit?

    Pitfall

    Initiatives are sorted only by years and H3 receives the same revenue measures as H1. Classify by maturity and uncertainty and set horizon-specific metrics and transition criteria.

    Timing: 10–20 minutes

05

Artifact

What comes out at the end

Sketch: what the artifact looks like

Three Horizons · Balance Present, Transition, and FutureMake H1, H2, and H3 visible as a portfolio of different time horizons, expectations, and investment logics
H1 Heute -> H2 Übergang -> H3 ZukunftAktuelles Geschäft, Übergangsinnovationen und Zukunftsoptionen werden gleichzeitig balanciert.H1 Heute bis Portfolio-LogikAktuelles Geschäft, Übergangsinnovationen und Zukunftsoptionen werden gleichzeitig balanciert.verteidigentransformierenerkundenH1 HeuteKern stabilisierenH2 Übergangneue Modelle skalierenH3 Zukunftradikale Optionen erkundenPortfolio-LogikRessourcen, Metriken und Erwartungen je Horizont trennen
Form

Versioned three horizons portfolio with date, sources, owners, and next review.

Versioning / ownership

Retain date, source, assumption state, and decision for every version of three horizons portfolio.

Tool alternatives
  • three horizons portfolio as board or document
  • Source and evidence register
  • Decision and action log

three-horizons-working-template.md

Plan Three Horizons around its domain steps and the concrete decision question.

Three Horizons: Worksheet

Question

To be confirmed

Desired outcome

To be confirmed

Scope

Full initiative Time: 2–3 hours; quarterly review

Complete this worksheet on paper or in your own document during the work.

Preparation for this scope

Method setup

  • Materials: Strategy and financial goals, initiative portfolio, evidence, maturity, and resources, shared workspace, source links, and decision log.
  • Roles: Executive sponsor · Strategy · Finance · portfolio/business owners
  • Advance information: Collect Strategy and financial goals, initiative portfolio, evidence, maturity, and resources in advance and mark open assumptions.
  • Overall time needed: 2–3 hours; quarterly review
  • Setup: Prepare portfolio across H1 core, H2 emerging businesses, and H3 options visibly and calibrate assessment terms before starting.

Prepare for the work steps

Map portfolio: Map portfolio

  • Strategy and financial goals
  • initiative portfolio
  • evidence, maturity, and resources

Assign horizons: Assign horizons

  • portfolio inventory
  • initiative portfolio
  • evidence, maturity, and resources

Set metrics: Set metrics

  • horizon map
  • initiative portfolio
  • evidence, maturity, and resources

Allocate: Allocate

  • metric contract
  • initiative portfolio
  • evidence, maturity, and resources

three horizons portfolio

Initiative/maturity

Initiative/maturity information to record

...

Horizon/rationale

Horizon/rationale information to record

...

Metric/learning goal

Metric/learning goal information to record

...

Resource/transition

Resource/transition information to record

...

Enter only real input, sources, and decisions.

McKinsey: Enduring Ideas, The three horizons of growth

Map portfolio: Map portfolio

Expected artifact: portfolio inventory

portfolio inventory · source · uncertainty · next decision

Entry:

...

  • Is every initiative described for decision?

Assign horizons: Assign horizons

Expected artifact: horizon map

horizon map · source · uncertainty · next decision

Entry:

...

  • Is classification more than time horizon?

Set metrics: Set metrics

Expected artifact: metric contract

metric contract · source · uncertainty · next decision

Entry:

...

  • Does the metric fit uncertainty?

Allocate: Allocate

Expected artifact: portfolio decision

portfolio decision · source · uncertainty · next decision

Entry:

...

  • Are trade-offs and exit rules explicit?

Open questions and next steps

...

Method guide: https://methodatlas.meierhoff-systems.de/en/methods/three-horizons/run-sheet

06

Example output

Concrete filled scenario, fictional example

Fictional example for orientation. Counts and timings describe this case and are not universal requirements.

three-horizons-beispiel.md

Concrete filled scenario, fictional example

H1: reporting reliability, KPI churn <5%. H2: audit export with eight paying pilots and target unit economics. H3: AI review assistant, €40k option budget, learning goal safe source citation. Transition H3→H2 only after five repeatable workflows and acceptable risk review.

07

Pitfalls

Recognize symptoms and steer against them

Quick overview, the full text is in the matching phase in the flow

  1. Map portfolioInitiatives are sorted only by years and H3 receives the same revenue measures as H1.View in phase
  2. Assign horizonsInitiatives are sorted only by years and H3 receives the same revenue measures as H1.View in phase
  3. Set metricsInitiatives are sorted only by years and H3 receives the same revenue measures as H1.View in phase
  4. AllocateInitiatives are sorted only by years and H3 receives the same revenue measures as H1.View in phase
08

Stop criteria

When to pause, resolve prerequisites, or choose another approach

three horizons portfolio answers the core question with traceable evidence or explicitly marked uncertainty.
Owners, next actions, and review dates are named for open points.

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