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Criterion	Business Strategy Strategic, Tactical and Operational Planning	Operations Kepner-Tregoe	Operations Fishbone Diagram	Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
Purposedifferent	It places decisions and artifacts at the right level. Strategic planning clarifies direction, tactical planning translates it into programs, and operational planning steers concrete processes.	For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations.	When a problem has several possible contributing factors, the method sorts causes by cause areas. It prevents an initial hunch from blocking the view of other plausible drivers.	For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	High	Low	High
Timedifferent	90-180 min	2-8 h	30-60 min	2-6 h
Participantsdifferent	4-12	2-8	2-8	3-10
Formatdifferent	Workshop	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop
Outputdifferent	Planning Levels Map, Cadence Model, Planning Artifact Inventory	Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan	Fishbone Diagram, Cause Categories, Investigation Backlog	FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions
Tagsno overlap	CadenceGovernanceExecution	Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations	Root causeQualityOperations	RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause