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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Stock and Flow Diagram |  Operations MORT Analysis |  Systems Thinking System Dynamics Simulation |  Operations 5 Whys |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | A Stock and Flow Diagram shows how stocks, inflows, and outflows shape a system over time. It is especially suited when growth, delays, or capacity limits determine the dynamics. | For a safety-relevant event or a system with high protection requirements, the method examines where controls failed. It exposes both technical and organizational gaps. | System Dynamics Simulation makes assumptions about time, delay, and feedback testable through experiments. It draws relationships, patterns, and feedback loops. The result is captured as a simulation model and scenario reports. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. |
Complexitydifferent | High | High | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 2-6 h | Mehrere Tage bis Wochen | Mehrere Tage bis Wochen | 15-30 min |
Participantsdifferent | 1-6 | 2-6 | 1-5 Modellierende, Stakeholder asynchron | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Stock and Flow Model, Dynamics Notes, Simulation Hypotheses | MORT Worksheets, Findings per Branch, Corrective Actions, Systemic Recommendations | Simulation Model, Scenario Reports | Root cause notes, Countermeasures |
Tagsno overlap | DynamicsSimulationFeedbackSystems thinking | Root causeSafetySystemicIncident | Systems thinkingDynamicsSimulationAnalysis | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving |