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| Criterion |  Knowledge Modeling Shape-First Modeling |  Product Discovery Test Card |  Knowledge Modeling Competency Questions |  Product Discovery Learning Card |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Shape-First Modeling defines data quality through shapes before implementation or integration frays at the edges. The approach fits when validation and data contracts should be part of the design from the start. | The Test Card turns a critical assumption into a testable claim and specifies in advance which result counts as success. | Competency Questions translate a domain model into concrete questions that it must be able to answer. The method keeps the model's scope clean and prevents pretty but useless structures. | The Learning Card connects traceable test results to a reasoned next action while keeping the limits of the insight visible. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | Halber Tag pro Domain Slice | 20-35 min | 2-4 h | 25-40 min |
Participantsdifferent | 1-4 | 1-5 | 2-8 | 1-5 |
Formatsame | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | SHACL or ShEx Shapes, Validation Reports, Data Contracts, Shape Documentation | Test Card with a pre-set threshold | Competency Question Set, Required Concepts, Test Queries, Coverage Matrix | Learning Card with evidence and next action |
Tagsno overlap | Knowledge graphValidationSemantic | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis | OntologyKnowledge graphScopeRequirementsSemantic | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryLearning |