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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  Decision Making DACI |  Operations RACI Matrix |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | In cross-functional decisions, responsibilities quickly blur between approval, influence, and execution. DACI arranges these roles so decision pressure, contribution, and information stay cleanly separated. | With unclear responsibilities across several roles or areas, the method creates unambiguous accountability logic. It reduces friction because decision, execution, contribution, and information become separately visible. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 30-60 min | 45-90 min | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 2-10 | 2-8 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | DACI Matrix, Decision Owner, Decision Log | RACI Matrix, Responsibility Map, Decision Notes | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessOperationsImprovement | DecisionRolesGovernanceAlignment | RolesResponsibilityGovernanceOperations | LeanObservationProcessOperations |