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| Criterion | ![]() Decision Making Pre-Mortem | ![]() Facilitation Decision Jam | ![]() UX Research Affinity Diagramming | ![]() UX Research Empathy Mapping |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | When a decision is stuck, Decision Jam loosens the knot through structured separation of problem, idea, and selection. The format creates movement without jumping prematurely at the first seemingly elegant answer. | When research notes, feedback, or observations sit unconnected side by side, affinity diagramming sorts the raw material into solid themes. Many individual points turn into patterns that make decisions and opportunities clearer. | When a lot is assumed about a target group but little is seen jointly, empathy mapping makes knowledge and gaps directly comparable. The picture also shows which assumptions hold up and where evidence is missing. |
Complexitysame | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 20–45 min | 60-90 min | 45–90 min | 30–60 min |
Participantsdifferent | Small cross-functional group | 4-10 | 3-10 | 4-8 |
Formatsame | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Problem Cluster, Prioritized Challenge, Experiment | Theme clusters, Insight statements, Opportunity areas | Empathy Map, Assumptions List, Research Gaps |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | FacilitationDecisionProblem solvingWorkshop | SynthesisQualitativeRoot cause | SynthesisQualitativeWorkshop |



