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Selected:Polarity MappingFuture Reality TreeLASR (Lightweight Approach for Software Reviews)Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Polarity Mapping |  Systems Thinking Future Reality Tree |  Architecture LASR (Lightweight Approach for Software Reviews) |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Polarity Mapping makes tensions between two opposing poles tangible, such as standardization and adaptation or control and autonomy. The method guards against making apparent either-or decisions prematurely. | A Future Reality Tree shows how desired actions are meant to lead to a better system state. The method checks whether a path of change holds together logically before time flows into implementation. | LASR helps development teams identify where their software falls short of important quality goals and which improvements to consider. A small group with existing system knowledge can make an initial assessment and investigate open questions in more detail. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | Medium | High |
Timedifferent | 1-2 h | 2-4 h | 3–4 h for initial assessment; preparation and deeper analysis additional | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 3-8 | 1 or a small team; particularly suitable for 3–4 people | 3-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Polarity Map, Warning Signs, Balance Actions | Future Reality Tree, Negative Branches, Assumption List, Improved Injections | Lean Mission Statement describing the software’s purpose, Prioritized quality goals and evaluation criteria, Risks and estimated gaps against quality goals, More closely examined findings and open checks | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions |
Tagsno overlap | Systems thinkingTradeoffsLeadership | Theory of ConstraintsSystems thinkingChange | ArchitectureQualityRiskAssessmentLean | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause |