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| Criterion |  UX Research Personas |  Engineering Failure Scenario Analysis |  UX Research Empathy Mapping |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When target groups stay too vague and teams talk about the same people differently, personas create a shared, solid picture of usage. Condensed profiles make needs, contexts, and differences tangible enough for decisions. | In critical processes, it is not enough to plan only for the normal case. Failure Scenario Analysis looks at the path into failure and shows which failures, chains, and control gaps cause the most damage. | When a lot is assumed about a target group but little is seen jointly, empathy mapping makes knowledge and gaps directly comparable. The picture also shows which assumptions hold up and where evidence is missing. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 Tage | 1-3 h | 30–60 min | 20–45 min |
Participantsdifferent | Internes Team | 3-8 | 4-8 | Small cross-functional group |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Persona Profiles, Needs Summary, Scenario Notes | Failure Scenarios, Risk Notes, Control Gaps, Test and Response Actions | Empathy Map, Assumptions List, Research Gaps | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log |
Tagsno overlap | ResearchCustomerSynthesis | FailureResilienceRisk | SynthesisQualitativeWorkshop | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning |