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| Criterion |  Operations PDCA Cycle |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Operations 8D Problem Solving |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For an improvement that still has to prove itself in everyday work, the method runs it through small learning loops. It connects planning, checking, and standardization into a repeatable learning mode. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | For an acute quality or delivery problem, the method structures immediate protection and root cause work together. It keeps the situation stable while the actual cause is investigated cleanly. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | High | High | High |
Timedifferent | 1 h bis mehrere Wochen | 2-8 h | 2-6 h | 1-6 Wochen |
Participantsdifferent | 1-8 | 2-8 | 3-10 | 4-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | PDCA Log, Experiment Plan, Learning Outcome, Standard Change | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | 8D Report, Containment Plan, Root Cause Evidence, Corrective Action Plan |
Tagsno overlap | Continuous improvementLeanExperiments | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | QualityProblem solvingRoot cause |