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| Criterion |  Knowledge Modeling Linked Open Terms |  Knowledge Modeling Shape-First Modeling |  Product Discovery Test Card |  Knowledge Modeling Competency Questions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Linked Open Terms connects terminology work with linked-data thinking and makes terminology technically connectable. Vocabulary, meanings, and references can thereby be maintained consistently. | Shape-First Modeling defines data quality through shapes before implementation or integration frays at the edges. The approach fits when validation and data contracts should be part of the design from the start. | The Test Card turns a critical assumption into a testable claim and specifies in advance which result counts as success. | Competency Questions translate a domain model into concrete questions that it must be able to answer. The method keeps the model's scope clean and prevents pretty but useless structures. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | Wochen bis Monate | Halber Tag pro Domain Slice | 20-35 min | 2-4 h |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 1-4 | 1-5 | 2-8 |
Formatsame | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Ontology Requirements, Conceptual Model, Published Ontology, Documentation, Maintenance Plan | SHACL or ShEx Shapes, Validation Reports, Data Contracts, Shape Documentation | Test Card with a pre-set threshold | Competency Question Set, Required Concepts, Test Queries, Coverage Matrix |
Tagsno overlap | OntologyMethodologyAgileSemantic | Knowledge graphValidationSemantic | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis | OntologyKnowledge graphScopeRequirementsSemantic |