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| Criterion |  Product Discovery Jobs to Be Done |  UX Research Empathy Mapping |  UX Research Affinity Diagramming |  UX Research Personas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When switching motives and progress are unclear, it reconstructs the situation from real customer circumstances. It shows why a switch happens and what kind of progress is being sought. | When a lot is assumed about a target group but little is seen jointly, empathy mapping makes knowledge and gaps directly comparable. The picture also shows which assumptions hold up and where evidence is missing. | When research notes, feedback, or observations sit unconnected side by side, affinity diagramming sorts the raw material into solid themes. Many individual points turn into patterns that make decisions and opportunities clearer. | When target groups stay too vague and teams talk about the same people differently, personas create a shared, solid picture of usage. Condensed profiles make needs, contexts, and differences tangible enough for decisions. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 1-3 Wochen | 30–60 min | 45–90 min | 1-3 Tage |
Participantsdifferent | 5-12 Interviews | 4-8 | 3-10 | Internes Team |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Job Stories, Outcome Statements, Opportunity List | Empathy Map, Assumptions List, Research Gaps | Theme clusters, Insight statements, Opportunity areas | Persona Profiles, Needs Summary, Scenario Notes |
Tagsno overlap | CustomerOutcomesNeeds | SynthesisQualitativeWorkshop | SynthesisQualitativeRoot cause | ResearchCustomerSynthesis |