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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |  Agile Example Mapping |  Systems Thinking Causal Loop Diagram |  Agile Specification by Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. | When a story carries business rules and exceptions, it brings clarity before implementation. It makes examples, open questions, and boundaries visible enough that the logic becomes jointly sound. | A Causal Loop Diagram makes feedback, reinforcement, and balance in a system legible. It uncovers side effects and self-reinforcement that stay hidden in linear explanations. | When business rules need to become precise, it ties language, example, and test together. It sorts work by value, risk, and delivery ability. The result is captured as an Example Table and Acceptance Tests. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Medium | Medium |
Timedifferent | 30-60 min | 30-60 min | 1-3 h | 60-90 min pro Feature |
Participantsdifferent | 2-10 | 3-7 | 2-8 | 3-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas | Example Map, Acceptance Criteria, Open Questions | Causal Loop Diagram, Feedback Notes, Leverage Points | Example Table, Acceptance Tests |
Tagsno overlap | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns | Behavior-Driven DevelopmentRequirementsExamplesRefinement | FeedbackSystems thinkingCausalityDynamics | AgileRequirementsExamplesBehavior-Driven Development |